Different kinds of corruption
Baksheesh
Baksheesh is often requested on top of fares to taxi drivers, and as
service charges to waiters, doormen, shopkeepers, garage attendants,
and many others employed in service-sector jobs.
Brampton loan
A mortgage broker, often from Brampton, falsifies employment history
and earnings to make a home buyer eligible for a mortgage. (I thought
that Brampton was mainly known for fake auto-accident fraud.)
Bribery
Outright bribery: For instance, a police officer may be swayed from arresting someone by a suitable bribe.
Cookies
A cookie is when a condo or hotel concierge, a clerk or a valet demands
a payment from a limo driver as a reward for calling his company rather
than a different one.
Cronyism
Politically, "cronyism" is derogatorily used to imply buying and selling favors.
Electoral fraud
Electoral fraud, election manipulation, or vote rigging is illegal
interference with the process of an election. Acts of fraud affect vote
counts to bring about an election result, whether by increasing the
vote share of the favored candidate, depressing the vote share of the
rival candidates, or both.
I have five full chapters on condo election fraud on this website.
Fraud
In law, fraud is deliberate deception to secure unfair or unlawful gain, or to deprive a victim of a legal right.
Fraud itself can be a civil wrong (i.e., a fraud victim may sue the
fraud perpetrator to avoid the fraud and/or recover monetary
compensation), a criminal wrong (i.e., a fraud perpetrator may be
prosecuted and imprisoned by governmental authorities) or it may cause
no loss of money, property or legal right but still be an element of
another civil or criminal wrong.
The purpose of fraud may be monetary gain or other benefits
Honest services fraud
Fraudulent schemes to deprive another of honest services through bribes
or kickbacks supplied by a third party who has not been deceived.
Kickback
A kickback is a form of negotiated bribery in which a commission is paid to the bribe-taker in exchange for services rendered.
Generally speaking, the remuneration (money, goods, or services handed
over) is negotiated ahead of time. The kickback varies from other kinds
of bribes in that there is implied collusion between agents of the two
parties, rather than one party extorting the bribe from the other.
Noble cause corruption
Noble cause corruption is corruption caused by the adherence to a
teleological ethical system, suggesting that persons "will utilize
unethical, and sometimes illegal, means to obtain a desired result,"a result which appears to benefit the greater good.
Where traditional
corruption is defined by personal gain, noble cause corruptions
forms when someone is convinced of their righteousness, and will do
anything within their powers to obtain or concertize the execution of
righteous actions.
Political scandal
Political scandal is an action or event regarded as morally or legally wrong and causing general public outrage.
Professional courtesy
The term has been used to refer to the practice by law enforcement
officers allowing other officers to engage in traffic violations and
some crimes without being reported or arrested.
Most professional bodies have rules against members speaking badly about others in their profession.
Voter suppression
Voter suppression is a strategy to influence the outcome of an election by discouraging or preventing people from voting.
It is distinguished from political campaigning in that campaigning
attempts to change likely voting behavior by changing the opinions of
potential voters through persuasion and organization. Voter
suppression, instead, attempts to reduce the number of voters who might
vote against a candidate or proposition.
The tactics of voter suppression range from minor changes to make
voting less convenient, to physically intimidating prospective voters,
which is illegal.
Voter suppression can be effective if a significant amount of voters are intimidated or disenfranchised.
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